Deep Thinking: Where Machine Intelligence Ends and Human Creativity Begins

In May 1997, the world watched as Garry Kasparov, the greatest chess player in the world, was defeated for the first time by the IBM supercomputer Deep Blue.It was a watershed moment in the history o

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